{"id":61184,"date":"2023-06-22T10:00:08","date_gmt":"2023-06-22T09:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/?p=61184"},"modified":"2023-07-03T11:33:18","modified_gmt":"2023-07-03T10:33:18","slug":"zooming-in-on-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/zooming-in-on-law\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Zooming in\u2019 on Law"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>For Aradhana Cherupara Vadekkethil, final year DPhil in Law candidate at Somerville College, University of Oxford, the legacy of the pioneering lawyer and activist Cornelia Sorabji needs to be more celebrated. Cornelia Sorabji (15 November 1866 \u2013 6 July 1954) was the first woman to practise law in India and the first woman to study law at Oxford University. In May 2023, we were delighted to invite Aradhana to visit our exhibition&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/modernartoxford.org.uk\/whats-on\/carey-young\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Appearance <\/em>by Carey Young<\/a>, whose works explore law as an artistic medium, with a focus on power, gender equality and justice.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In this fascinating new piece for Modern Art Oxford, Aradhana gives her personal response to the legacies of pioneering women like Sorabji in relation to Young\u2019s art works, presenting hope and optimism regarding the role of women as leaders within our judicial system.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/1.png\" alt=\"Two images side by side. In the first, a sepia portrait of an Indian woman holding a book. The woman wears a light coloured dress with long voluminous sleeves, floral patterned lace around the collar and a light veil on her head. In the background are more books. In the second, a photo of a group of formally dressed judges, features eight men and one woman against a red background. It is overlaid with a reflection of a woman with short hair who takes a photograph of the image.\" class=\"wp-image-61185 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image left: Portrait of Cornelia Sorabji by H. Walter Barnett. Image courtesy of the Principal and Fellows of Somerville College, University of Oxford. Image right: Carey Young, <em>Court Artist (Supreme Court)<\/em>, 2023. Courtesy the artist and Paula Cooper Gallery, New York<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:7px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2018I resented the injustice of the world in denying all those privileges of education to my sex which were so lavishly bestowed to men.\u2019 This quote is from Mary Somerville\u2019s posthumously published autobiography (<em>Personal Recollections<\/em>, 1874) and is the bedrock on which one of the first women\u2019s colleges in University of Oxford, Somerville College, was established in 1879. It was Somerville College which opened its doors in 1889 to<a href=\"https:\/\/www.some.ox.ac.uk\/eminent\/cornelia-sorabji\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Cornelia Sorabji<\/a>, the first woman to study law at Oxford and the first woman to practise law in India. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"726\" height=\"572\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/11.jpg\" alt=\"Sepia group photograph of female tutors and students at Somerville College, University of Oxford, 1891. Indian lawyer and activist Cornelia Sorabji is pictured in the middle row, far left. The women wear Victorian style dress.\" class=\"wp-image-61205 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/11.jpg 726w, https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/11-300x236.jpg 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 726px) 100vw, 726px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 726px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 726\/572;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Group photograph of tutors and students at Somerville College, University of Oxford, 1891. Cornelia Sorabji is pictured in the middle row, far left. Image courtesy of the Principal and Fellows of Somerville College, University of Oxford.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:7px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>From being denied the Government of India Scholarship as she was a woman, to \u2018needing\u2019 to be chaperoned to her lectures at Oxford, and from&nbsp; having to convince the University to \u2018allow\u2019 her to sit the final examinations with the men in her cohort, to not being able to graduate till 1920, when Oxford University finally started awarding degrees to women; at each stage of her legal journey, she had to face<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bl.uk\/collection-items\/photograph-of-cornelia-sorabji\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> insurmountable challenges<\/a>. I wonder what it must have felt like to be the only woman in her cohort. How must the law have appeared to her \u2013 white, male, exclusionary? Immersed in these thoughts, I stare at Carey Young\u2019s photograph, <em>The Court Artist (Supreme Court)<\/em>. From afar, you can notice that she has juxtaposed her own mirror selfie with a photograph of what appears to be an all-male panel of judges. Closer inspection reveals that Young is not the only woman in this photo. The lineup of judges includes<a href=\"https:\/\/www.supremecourt.gov\/visiting\/sandradayoconnor.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Sandra Day O\u2019 Connor<\/a>, the first woman judge to be appointed to the US Supreme Court, overshadowed by the men in the picture. And I wonder did Young juxtapose herself into the picture as an act of female solidarity? One can notice Young\u2019s bare skin and curves as she positions herself as the female subject \u2013 a feminine presence inscribed into a male-dominated world, correcting the original picture which seems to ignore and overshadow the female presence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/3-e1687365961342-1024x297.png\" alt=\"Three images side by side. In the first, a film installation in a dark space showing a female judge. The second is a scene from a courtroom seen through a circular window. A seated judge with light short hair wearing a black robe and a white collar is opposite a second female judge with brown hair. The third image is a female judge with long auburn hair and glasses, looking back at the camera.\" class=\"wp-image-61187 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/297;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">All images: Carey Young, still from<em> Palais de Justice<\/em>, 2017. \u00a9 Carey Young. Courtesy the artist and Paula Cooper Gallery, New York <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:7px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Moving away from this photo and walking into Young\u2019s film work&nbsp; <em>Palais de Justice<\/em>, I am transported into a world where the legal system is controlled by women. In this video installation, the presence of men is ephemeral. And I cannot help but smile and wonder how Cornelia Sorabji or Sandra Day O\u2019 Connor would have reacted to seeing this. But my smile is short-lived as I remember that even in 2023, only<a href=\"https:\/\/www.supremecourt.uk\/about\/biographies-of-the-justices.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> one of the twelve justices<\/a> in the UK Supreme Court Justices is a woman. It has been more than 100 years since women first entered the legal profession but as<a href=\"https:\/\/www.supremecourt.uk\/docs\/speech-191204.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Lady Hale<\/a>, the first woman justice of UK Supreme Court, reminds us, women are still fighting for \u2018genuine equality of opportunities and equal treatment\u2019 and that while women have made much progress, the \u2018battle is yet to be won\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Appearance_detail4-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Close up of the hands of a seated person wearing red robes with large white fur sleeves and a black band around the waist.\" class=\"wp-image-61175 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/576;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Carey Young, still from <em>Appearance<\/em> (detail), 2023. \u00a9 Carey Young. Courtesy the artist and Paula Cooper Gallery, New York<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The final installation that I view is Young\u2019s latest film commission, <em>Appearance<\/em> (2023). In Young\u2019s own words, this is a \u2018silent sequence of video portraits featuring 15 British female judges diverse in age, seniority and ethnicity\u2019. <em>Appearance<\/em> is a fitting title in many ways. In one way, this title is a sombre reminder that women continue to be judged for their appearance. A judgement they cannot escape even if they hold positions of power. In legal parlance, however, an \u2018appearance\u2019 refers to the physical appearance in the courtroom of a party to the lawsuit. It is through this appearance, that the defendant submits themselves to the jurisdiction of the court. Is that why one of the senior judges decided to bow to the camera as she would bow to the court? I find it intriguing that these portraits resemble a mug shot or a \u2018Most Wanted\u2019 advertisement. It makes me wonder if like the accused, who submits to judicial scrutiny in the courtroom, are the judges here submitting themselves to public scrutiny and accountability? And that leaves me with a crucial question regarding gender and judging \u2013 are these judges being scrutinised because they are <em>judges<\/em> or because they are <em>women judges<\/em>?<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.modernartoxford.org.uk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4-e1687366156385-1024x212.png\" alt=\"Three images side by side. In the first is a close up of a person\u2019s ear, straight grey hair and a pearl earring. The second shows a seated female with short grey hair wearing elaborate gold and black robes, with a camera pointing at her. In the third is a close up of the hands of a seated person wearing black robes with thick white sleeves. They wear silver bat cufflinks, two gold rings and red nail polish.\" class=\"wp-image-61188 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/212;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">All images: Carey Young, still from<em> Appearance <\/em>(detail), 2023. \u00a9 Carey Young. Courtesy the artist and Paula Cooper Gallery, New York<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>This video installation and its title could convey yet another meaning and this is the meaning that speaks to me. Each artwork in this exhibition makes me stop and wonder how law <em>appears<\/em> to the public and implores me to think how law <em>should appear<\/em> to the public. What captivates me are the extreme closeup shots \u2013 the ruby red nail paint, the rings, bat-shaped cufflinks, the white lace, the single pearl earring. When the wig and robe is removed, the objectivity and anonymity is shredded and the subjectivity stands out. I find these closeup shots to be a glaring contrast to the original photo of the lineup of the US Supreme Court judges (see above, <em>Court Artist<\/em>). To me, each of these closeup shots is a gentle reminder, a solace that women too occupy this space. A strong and clear prompt that it is no longer all men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About the author:<br>Aradhana Cherupara Vadekkethil is a final year DPhil in Law candidate at Somerville College, University of Oxford. Her doctoral study examines how rape adjudication takes place in India. She seeks to highlight through her research how culturally dominant notions, underlying preconceptions, and prejudices about rape could influence the outcome of these cases. She is a Gopal Subramaniam scholar at the Oxford India Centre for Sustainable Development (Somerville College) and was awarded the Modern Law Review Scholarship in 2021 and 2022. Prior to taking up doctoral studies, she read on the Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL) and MPhil in Law at Oxford as a Cornelia Sorabji Scholar. She also holds a Bachelor of Laws (B.A. LL.B.) degree from the National Law University, Delhi (India). Aradhana has held Stipendiary Lectureship in Criminal Law at Pembroke College and Retaining Fee Lectureship in Constitutional Law at Somerville College. Presently, she is the Managing Editor of the Oxford Human Rights Hub Blog. From October 2023, she will hold the Early Career Fellowship in Law position at Somerville College.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\">Discover more about Carey Young&#8217;s exhibition<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\">Explore more content related to the exhibition<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><br><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Final year DPhil in Law candidate Aradhana Cherupara Vadekkethil discusses the legacy of the pioneering lawyer and activist Cornelia Sorabji, the first woman to practise law in India and the first woman to study law at Oxford University.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":360,"featured_media":61205,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[245],"tags":[255,254],"class_list":["post-61184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-carey-young","tag-feminism","tag-law","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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